Conceptual circuit diagram of the Fuzzy Herconfiguration schedule
Image: National University of Sciences and Technology, Results in Engineering, CC by 4.0
Scientists from the National University of Sciences and Technology of Pakistan have developed a new Fuzzy Logical Technology to reduce current losses in PV systems due to partial shadow and hotspot errors with different severity levels.
The proposed fuzzy her configuration schedule is reportedly suitable for both square and rectangular PV arrays of different sizes. “Six different scenarios of shadow and hotspot errors are established in both Arrays to meet maximum possible shadow patterns,” the researchers explained and noted that the new technology proposes a generalized reconfiguration schedule for each scenario. “Different shadow scenarios show serious levels, which helps with the quantification of errors.”
The six scenarios consider partial shade with a uniform pattern, partial shade with a non-uniform pattern and the uprising of hotspots.
The research group also defined six wealth loss categories: very small error (VSF); small error (SF); Medium Fault (MF): Big mistake (LF); very big mistake (VLF); and hotspot error (HF). It has also established a dataset against any defective scenario.
![](https://www.pv-magazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1-s2.0-S2590123025000532-gr3_lrg-600x736.jpg)
Image: National University of Sciences and Technology, Results in Engineering, CC by 4.0
The new technology was experimentally implemented in a 12-module (4 x 3) PV array, with each module and output of 150 W.
“Fuzzy Logic Controller is implemented using Arduino Uno -MicroController,” the scientists explained. “Initially, all panels are connected in series and parallel by switches. Opening and closing switches re -configger the PV system again. A tilt of 30 ° and pitch of one foot is used. “
The experiments showed that the Fuzzy Her configuration method can reduce the power losses as a result of shadow and hotspot errors with a maximum of 23.5% compared to conventional techniques, the scientists said. “None of the reconfiguration techniques deals with the mitigation of output loss as a result of shadow and hotspot errors with various seriousness levels in series/parallel (SP) configuration,” they added.
The proposed technology was introduced in “A Fuzzy Herconfiguration approach for reducing current losses in PV systems“Published in Results in Engineering. “In general, this research work provides insights into the design and development of Fuzzy Logic-based switching matrices for the PV industry to reduce electricity losses due to shadow and hotspot errors,” concluded the academics.
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